Thursday, February 28, 2013

List of Phrase Reductions, Contractions and Word Linking in Conversational or Spoken English


Non-native English speakers, beginners, learners and immigrants especially in North America pronounce all the syllables, drop, replace or otherwise make the pronunciation of the word sound different, unnatural and hard to understand. Native American, Canadian and other English speaking groups apparently talk very fast when heard by the first group mentioned above. This is because native speakers:
1. shorten or do word shortcuts
2. use weak forms in informal conversations
3. link words in a sentence
4. use phrase reductions
5. use contractions and short forms

When watching English movies or listening to hiphop music, actors and rappers talk and sing fast. They use one or a combination of the tricks and techniques above. Now add to this the idioms and slang in informal communication. The result is that non-native speakers misunderstand what the native speakers are trying to say. Although the list below is short and by no means complete, it is intended for use by beginners in learning the English language. The list can become endless. It is just a basic starting point to express the idea behind rapid talking.
    

List of Phrase Reductions, Contractions and Word Linking in Conversational or Spoken English:


A
am not, are not, is not = ain't
and = n
are not = aren't


B
bet you = betcha


C
cannot = can't
could have = coulda
could have been = kudabin
could not = couldn't


D
did he = dide
did not = didn't
did you = didya, didja, dija, jya
did you eat = jeet
did you ever = jever, jeva
did you have = jev
didn't you = didenya
do not = don't
does not = doesn't
don't know = donno, dunno
don't you = doncha


F
for you = ferya, feya
front of = frunna


G
get you = getcha
give me = gimme
going to = gonna
got to = gotta
got you = gotcha


H
had not = hadn't
had to = hada
has not = hasn't
has not; have not = ain't
has to = hasta, hasda
have not = haven't
have to = hafta, hafda
he had; he would = he'd
he is; he has = he's
he will; he shall = he'll
her = er
him = im
how are you = howarya
how do you = howdya
how did you = howjya
how would you = howujya


I
I am = I'm
I had; I would = I'd
I will; I shall = I'll
I have = I've
if i could = faykud
is it = zit
is it not = aint
is not = isn't
is not it = iznit
if it is = fits


K
kind of = kinda, kina
kinds of = kindsa


L
let me = lemme
let us = let's
lots of = lotsa
lot of = lotta


M
might have = mighta
might not = mightn't
must have = musta
must not = mustn't


O
or = er, e
ought to = oughda, oughta
out of = outta


S
shall not = shan't
she had; she would = she'd
she will; she shall = she'll
she is; she has = she's
should have = shouldav, shoulda, shuda
should not = shant, shont, shouldn't
should not be = shontbe
should not have = shouldnav, shouldna
should have been = shouldabeen
sort of = sorta


T
that is; that has = that's
that is it = datsit
there is; there has = there's
they had; they would = they'd
they will; they shall = they'll
they are = they're
they have = they've
this is it = disizit
trying to = tryna
type of = typa


W
want to = wanna
want you = wancha
we had; we would = we'd
we are = we're
we have = we've
were not = weren't
what are = what're
what are you = waddaya
what did you = whajya, whadya
what do you = wadya
what have = what've
what is; what has = what's
what is her = whatser
what is his = whatsiz
what is up = whassup, wazap
what will; what shall = what'll
whatcha = what are you, what have you
when did you = whendya, whenjya
where did you = wherdya, wherjya
where is; where has = where's
who are = who're
who did you = whodyu, whojya
who had; who would = who'd
who have = who've
who is; who has = who's
who will; who shall = who'll
will not = won't
won't you = woncha
would have = wouldav, woulda, wuda
would have been = wudabin
would not = wouldn't
would not have = wouldnav, wouldna
would you = woujya, wouldya


Y   
you = ya, yo, u
you had; you would = you'd
you will; you shall = you'll
you are = you're
you have = you've